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Through the medical value of IGF-1, we know that the role of IGF-1 includes promoting growth and development, inhibiting muscle atrophy, promoting muscle growth, and benefits bone health. In addition to these effects, IGF-1 also has anti-aging, anti-oxidation, enhanced immunity, improved learning ability, and regulated lipid metabolism and carbohydrate metabolism benefits.
A study of eight GH-deficient subjects showed that IGF-1 administration increased lipid oxidation, energy expenditure, and insulin resistance. This effect is due to IGF-1 inhibiting insulin secretion, which leads to enhancing lipidolysis in adipose tissue and promotes muscle utilization of free fatty acids.
Although mature fat cells are not the target of IGF-1, high concentrations of IGF-1 promote the secretion of IGF-1 by fat cells, and IGF-1 involve in lipid metabolism through its interaction with insulin receptors.
The fat tissue of obese people produces pro-inflammatory cytokines that interfere with normal nutritional signaling, leading to metabolic syndrome. The anti-inflammatory effects of IGF-1 may protect tissues in chronic diseases such as obesity from the harmful effects of pro-inflammatory factors.
Long filling of telomeres in DNA has been shown to be an important factor in longevity, and levels of IGF-1 are associated with longer telomere length in healthy subjects of all ages and in older men.
IGF-1 increases glutathione peroxidase, an important antioxidant enzyme that protects cells by preventing cell death and increasing antioxidant status. It produces antioxidant effects that protect mitochondria from oxidative damage and increase ATP synthesis, providing the body with energy and motivation for movement.
IGF-1 is a direct promoter of bone growth. In older women, higher levels of IGF-1 are associated with higher bone mineral density. The anabolic effects of IGF-1 also promote bone density, and more muscle mass requires greater bone strength to support it.
Circulating IGF-1 has important vascular protective properties. Since cerebrovascular changes have a clear role in cognitive decline, reduced IGF-1 levels in aging populations may lead to vascular complications that lead to cognitive dysfunction.